Normal and non-normal data; Applications of the binomial and multinomial distributions; Ranking methods for two independent samples; Normal approximation for the mann-whitney test; Wicoxon's signed rank test; Rank correlation; Rare events: the poisson distribution; The exact chi-square distribution; Applying chi-square to counted data: basic ideas; Order statistics: distributions of probabilities, confidence limits, tolerance limits; Order statistics: point estimation; Designing your own statistical test or measure; Discrete distribution of a random variable.